opop
发表于 2009-7-15 11:37
实践调查那是positive research.
简单的说, positive research来研究描述某个系统的现状是什么样的, 就是, what is it.
Normative(规范研究)是研究某个系统应该或者将要如何运行, 就是, what should it be ...
吃花生的大灰狼 发表于 2009-7-15 12:19 http://www.dolc.de/forum/images/common/back.gif
是不是positive research是研究系统内部结构关系的；
normative是研究系统如何运行的。
那么normative一般采用什么方法论呢？比较法？
吃花生的大灰狼
发表于 2009-7-15 19:11
本帖最后由 吃花生的大灰狼 于 2009-7-15 21:16 编辑
是不是positive research是研究系统内部结构关系的；
normative是研究系统如何运行的。
那么normative一般采用什么方法论呢？比较法？
opop 发表于 2009-7-15 12:37 http://dolc.de/forum/images/common/back.gif
Not really. Both belong to positive research.
Positive research is concerned with what an existing system is in the reality, including its structure, its features and how it works. For example, you investigate the current German high education system, its structure, its advantages and drawbacks etc. No doubt, you can also compare the German high education system with the Chinese one.
In contrast, normative research is concerned with what the system should be. It needs not to be the reality. For example, optimization is a kind of normative research. You may contend that the current German high education system does not match the requirements and is not efficient. You propose a new education system and argue that a modern education system should work in that way instead of the current way.
Forecast also falls into the group of normative research. For example, based on your study, you expect how the German high education system will evolve in the future.
{:5_360:}
opop
发表于 2009-7-16 07:48
Not really. Both belong to positive research.
Positive research is concerned with what an existing system is in the reality, including its structure, its features and how it works. For example, ...
吃花生的大灰狼 发表于 2009-7-15 20:11 http://www.dolc.de/forum/images/common/back.gif
你真善良，写了这么多有用的东东和我们分享，越来越喜爱博版了！
你是学教育呢？
惰性气体
发表于 2009-7-16 13:19
opop
发表于 2009-7-16 13:51
越看我心里越虚
请问大家如果没有经过方法论的系统训练自己怎么补习呢,网上有资料吗,或者德国有没有相关的书籍.谢谢
惰性气体 发表于 2009-7-16 14:19 http://www.dolc.de/forum/images/common/back.gif
德国这方面的书籍太多了，根据你的专业领域项与研究问题才能确定你要研究什么方法，然后有针对性地学习你所要使用的方法。
一般人文、社会、教育学、经济学领域非常讲究研究方法，理工科和自然科的就不知道了。
若有具体的问题可在那个方法讨论贴里提出来，大家帮忙一起参考。
silverphq
发表于 2009-7-16 14:44
quantative Forschungsmethode
假设可以是别人书中的观点，然后通过你的观察或者分析肯定或者否定这个观点
Vorgehensweise von Inhaltsanalyse:
Hypothese erstellen
Datenerhebung
analysieren und interpretieren
auswerten und zusammenfassen
吃花生的大灰狼
发表于 2009-7-16 14:52
你真善良，写了这么多有用的东东和我们分享，越来越喜爱博版了！
你是学教育呢？
opop 发表于 2009-7-16 08:48 http://dolc.de/forum/images/common/back.gif
No, not at all. I have never studied pedagogy. I just took it as an example.{:5_360:}
It seems to me that you are majoring in social science. Is it right?{:5_389:}
opop
发表于 2009-7-16 14:55
17# 吃花生的大灰狼
yes{:5_360:}
苯苯
发表于 2009-7-20 22:32
请问不是在任何一种论证中都需要实践调查和规范研究吗. 关键要看你的结论和存在的问题之间的对立统一关系吧。 多角度，宏观微观一步一步证明吧。 请指教
Piggy-poo
发表于 2009-7-21 02:40
我以前做实证研究的，现在转到secondary research,就是library research，有没有啥指导性的研究方法呢~~~{:5_369:}