王晓峰等总结了多边投资协定和区域投资规则中投资的定义。以“KT亚洲投资集团诉哈萨克斯坦案”(KT Asia v. Kazakhstan)为基础,分析内国投资者是否为适格“投资者”和东道国对适格投资者的认定。以“加兰蒂·科扎有限责任公司诉土库曼斯坦案”(Garanti Koza LLP v. Turkmenistan)为基础,探讨投资是否对东道国发展带来贡献以及东道国对发展贡献如何认定。以“金诉乌兹别克斯坦案”(Kim v. The Republic of Uzbekistan)为基础,讨论投资是否符合东道国法律和投资合法性要求的要件。[15]漆彤则分析了争议预防与争议解决的关系,指出针对目前投资仲裁机制存在公私利益保护失衡、仲裁庭权力过大、仲裁员缺乏独立性和公正性、透明度低和程序滥用等质疑。投资争议预防有其独特优势,符合各方共同利益需求,且与“一带一路”合作理念和中国现实需要高度契合。构建“一带一路”投资争议预防机制可考虑通过以下路径:首先,设立或指定专门国内投资争议预防部门;其次,设立实质性国际合作机制;最后,深化投资便利化议题的多边合作。[16]宋阳等指出“一带一路”投资准据法适用存在位阶之争、政治“极化现象”以及适用准据法不统一等问题。在“一带一路”实践下追求东道国法律与国际法的协调适用可考虑在投资仲裁中以东道国法律作为裁判基准的理由,同时在国际投资中“有限”适用国际法,并积极追求东道国法律和国际法协调适用的效果。[17]
A Review of the 10th Anniversary of the “Belt and Road” Research from the Perspective of Law
Abstract: Since the first proposal of the “Belt and Road” Initiative in 2013, ten years have passed. During these ten years, the “Belt and Road” Initiative has achieved many significant accomplishments in various fields, providing important opportunities for the economic development and regional cooperation of countries around the world. Research on legal issues related to the “Belt and Road” Initiative is an important component of its overall study. Global governance, economic and trade rules, digital rule of law, and foreign-related rule of law are the focal points of research on legal issues pertaining to the “Belt and Road” Initiative over the past decade, warranting significant attention.
Keywords: The “Belt and Road”; Global Governance; Economic and Trade Rules; Digital Rule of Law; Foreign-related Rule of Law
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国际仲裁与国家法律秩序的关系
《“一带一路”法律研究(第10卷)》目录
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