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应该追溯到更远的时候. geisha的起源是妓女, 后来因为日本禁止妓女, 就改名叫geisha, 用卖艺来遮掩实际的卖身, 到后来发展到所谓卖艺不卖身(只是定义上的), 但实际上很多还是卖身, 可以算是高级妓女, 即便有的不卖身, 也是只服务男人, 专门供男人消遣用的.
写geisha书的人回答"geisha是否是prostitute". 她说不能说不是prostitute因为小geisha都必须高价卖自己的第一次,但一级Geisha所做的也许更接近于情妇, 被某些男人长期包养. 下面是原文:
Q: Here's a question you've undoubtedly heard before: Are geisha prostitutes?
A: As a matter of fact, all through the years I worked on this novel, that was the first question people asked me. The answer isn't a simple yes or no. The so-called "hot springs geisha," who often entertain at resorts, are certainly prostitutes. But as Sayuri says in the novel, you have to look at how well they play the shamisen, and how much they know about tea ceremony, before you determine whether they ought properly to call themselves geisha. However, even in the geisha districts of Kyoto and Tokyo and other large cities, a certain amount of prostitution does exist. For example, all apprentice geisha go through something they call mizuage, which we might call, "deflowering." It amounts to the sale of their virginity to the highest bidder. Back in the '30s and '40s, girls went through it as young as thirteen or fourteen--certainly no later than eighteen. It's misleading not to call this prostitution, even child prostitution. So we can't say that geisha aren't prostitutes. On the other hand, after her mizuage, a first-class geisha won't make herself available to men on a nightly basis. She'll be a failure as a geisha, though, if she doesn't have a man who acts as her patron and pays her expenses. He'll keep her in an elegant style, and in exchange she'll make herself sexually available to him exclusively. Is this prostitution? Not in the exact sense we mean it in the West, where prostitutes turn "tricks" with "johns," and so on. To my mind, a first-class geisha is more analogous to a kept mistress in our culture than to a prostitute. |
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发表于 2005-12-16 16:35